Comment la France a perdu l'Afrique by Stephen Smith & Antoine Glaser

Comment la France a perdu l'Afrique

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La crise en Côte d'Ivoire est à la présence française en Afrique ce que la prise de la Bastille fut à l'Ancien Régime : le symbole de la fin, insensiblement d'abord, puis à un rythme qui est allé s'accélérant pour culminer en cette funeste nuit de novembre 2004, quand l'armée française ouvrit le feu sur une foule de "patriotes" à Abidjan, la France a perdu "son" Afrique, celle où, de Dakar à Libreville en passant par Djibouti, N'Djamena, Brazzaville et Antananarivo, elle aimait à penser qu'elle était aimée.
À présent la France rapatrie ses ressortissants sous les huées, sinon sous les balles. Ailleurs, elle est déjà partie en catimini, à la fin de la guerre froide, quand l'Afrique a été abandonnée à son sort : effondrement de l'Etat, guerres, sida... L'aide a été amputée, les coopérants ont été retirés. Seule l'armée française est restée enfermée dans ses bases, garde prétorienne de régimes indéfendables. Après avoir été pendant plus de quarante ans le "gendarme de l'Afrique", la France s'est recyclée en "gardien de la paix". De plus en plus souvent, les Etats-Unis et la Chine dament le pion à une "vieille" France gênée aux entournures par le génocide au Rwanda, le sandale Elf, les turpitudes de la "Françafrique"... Il est loin le temps où la "mission civilisatrice" sur le continent noir était une affaire entendue, l'un des rares sujets d'accord entre droite et gauche. À l'heure du divorce, l'ancienne puissance coloniale se triouve dans une situation intenable : qu'elle intervienne, comme en Côte d'Ivoire, et on dénonce son "ingérence". Qu'elle s'abstienne, et on lui reproche son "indifférence".
Dans ce livre sans concessions, remarquablement documenté et étayé d'innombrables exemples et témoignages, Stephen Smith et Antoine Glaser pointent les erreurs, les lâchetés et les ambiguïtés qui ont émaillé la politique africaine de la France, et lui on fait perdre ce "pré carré" qu'elle rêvait de façonner à son image.

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