The Qur’an (literally “the recitation” also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Kuran, Koran, Qur’ān, Coran or al-Qur’ān), is the fundamental religious text of Islam. Widely regarded as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language, the Qur’an serves as the verbal divine guidance and moral direction for mankind for hundreds of millions of Muslims around the world.
The text of the Qur’an consists of 114 chapters of varying lengths, each known as a sura. Chapters are classed as Meccan or Medinan, depending on when (before or after Hijra) the verses were revealed. Chapter titles are derived from a name or quality discussed in the text, or from the first letters or words of the sura. Muslims believe that Muhammad, on God's command, gave the chapters their names.
