This litigation, here for the second time, concerns the conditions of care at petitioner Pennhurst State School and Hospital, a Pennsylvania institution for the care of the mentally retarded. See Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman, 451 U.S. 1 (1981). Although the litigations history is set forth in detail in our prior opinion, see id., at 5-10, it is necessary for purposes of this decision to review that history.