Aforismi di Zürau by Franz Kafka

Aforismi di Zürau

By

Description

Fra il settembre 1917 e l’aprile 1918 Kafka soggiorna a Zürau, minuscolo borgo della campagna boema, ospite della sorella Ottla. Protetto dall’insorgere della malattia, riesce a sfuggire a tutte le potenze che da sempre lo braccano – la famiglia, l’ufficio, le donne –, e il diradarsi della presenza umana suscita in lui un sentimento di lieve euforia, facendogli apparire quel periodo di tregua come forse il migliore della sua vita. Restringere il campo d’azione a ciò che era «indubitabile» in lui stesso sembra essere stato il motto di Kafka. Qui, a Zürau, Kafka lo applica con totale rigore, dando vita a una nuova forma di scrittura, quella degli aforismi. Mette insieme una sequenza di foglietti staccati, di piccolo formato, ciascuno dei quali contiene, con rare eccezioni, un solo frammento numerato, dove ogni ridondanza è abolita. Non si incontrano solo aforismi in senso stretto: alcuni frammenti sono narrativi, altri consistono in singole immagini, altri ancora sono parabole. Ogni frase presenta un carattere di massima generalità – e al tempo stesso è come se emergesse da un deposito di materia oscura. Non vi è alcuna prova, nemmeno indiretta, che volesse pubblicarli, eppure questa è l’unica volta in cui Kafka si preoccupò di dare una forma visivamente e spazialmente perspicua a un suo testo, quasi preordinando la disposizione tipografica di un centinaio di pagine, dove ogni pagina corrisponderebbe a uno dei foglietti di carta sottile. Il risultato è un diamante purissimo, annidato nei vasti giacimenti carboniferi che erano in Kafka.

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