The association between violence and mental illness is well studied, yet remains highly controversial. Currently, there does appear to be a trend of increasing violence in hospital settings, including both civilly and forensically committed populations. In fact, physical aggression is the primary reason for admission to many hospitals. Given that violence is now often both a reason for admission and a barrier to discharge, there is a pressing need for violence to be re-conceptualized as a primary medical condition, not as the by-product of one. Furthermore, treatment settings need to be enhanced to address the new types of violence exhibited in inpatient environments and this modification needs to be geared toward balancing safety with treatment. This book focuses on violence from assessment, through underlying neurobiology, to treatment and other recommendations for practice. This will be of interest to forensic psychiatrists, general adult psychiatrists, psychiatric residents, psychologists, psychiatric social workers and rehabilitation therapists.